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¿Cuándo comenzaron a emplearse técnicas de archivo en la selección de personal y cuál es su origen?

3Respuestas
IanMarie
18/08/2026, 16:48:52

Claro, te lo explico. Las técnicas de archivo aplicadas a la selección de personal comenzaron a emplearse de forma sistemática a partir de la década de 1950, cuando las empresas empezaron a gestionar grandes volúmenes de candidaturas tras la expansión industrial. Su origen se sitúa en los departamentos de recursos humanos de Estados Unidos y Europa, que adoptaron sistemas de clasificación manual basados en fichas de cartón o carpetas colgantes. La procedencia de estas técnicas proviene de la administración científica del trabajo de principios del siglo XX, donde se buscaba organizar la información de los trabajadores de manera eficiente.

En concreto, el primer método documentado fue el archivo por orden alfabético de currículos, acompañado de un sistema de etiquetado por habilidades. Esto permitía a los reclutadores localizar perfiles sin revisar todas las carpetas. Sin embargo, no fue hasta los años 70, con la llegada de los primeros sistemas informáticos de gestión de candidatos (ATS), cuando estas técnicas se digitalizaron.

Para que te hagas una idea de la evolución, aquí tienes una tabla comparativa:

ÉpocaTécnica de archivo principalSoporte
1950-1970Fichas de cartón con clasificación alfabéticaFísico (cajones y carpetas)
1970-1990Bases de datos en mainframesMagnético (cintas y discos)
1990-2010Sistemas ATS localesDigital (servidores propios)
2010-actualidadATS en la nube con inteligencia artificialCloud (SaaS)

Así que, en resumen, las técnicas de archivo en reclutamiento nacieron de la necesidad de ordenar la información de los candidatos y evolucionaron con la tecnología. Hoy en día, el archivado ya no es solo almacenar, sino también analizar datos para mejorar la selección.

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LaJonathan
18/08/2026, 17:15:14

Pues mira, según he leído en varios estudios de recursos humanos, las técnicas de archivo para candidatos empezaron a usarse a finales de los años 40, justo después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Las empresas necesitaban organizar montones de solicitudes de empleo, y lo más sencillo era crear un archivo físico por orden alfabético o por departamento. La procedencia de esas ideas viene de la burocracia militar y los sistemas de clasificación de documentos que usaban los gobiernos. No fue hasta los 60 que se empezaron a usar fichas perforadas para acelerar las búsquedas, pero eso ya era un lujo. En mi opinión, lo más revolucionario fue el cambio al archivo digital, que empezó a popularizarse en los 80 con los primeros ordenadores personales.

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DeFrancisco
18/08/2026, 19:39:49

¡Buena pregunta! Yo creo que las técnicas de archivo en selección de personal comenzaron en los años 50, aunque su origen real está en las bibliotecas y archivos históricos. Los reclutadores adaptaron sistemas de clasificación como el sistema Dewey o el orden alfabético para gestionar currículos. La procedencia es clara: vino de la necesidad de eficiencia en empresas que crecían rápido. Antes de eso, cada responsable tenía sus propios montones de papeles, sin orden. El primer método formal fue el archivo por carpetas colgantes con separadores por habilidades. Hoy en día, esos sistemas parecen rudimentarios, pero sentaron las bases de los actuales ATS.

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